Mixing type gas burner



A. A. FURCZYK MIXING TYPE GAS BURNER April 16, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV. 9, 1951 INVENTOR. ALFONS- A. FURCZYK ll a ll ATTORNEY.

April 16, 1957 A. A. FURCZYK MIXING TYPE GAS BURNER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 9, 1951 FIG.6

FIG.5

FIG.4

INVENTOR. ALEONS A. FURCZYK BY O 3 WM ATTORN EY.

United States Patent() MIXING TYPE GAS BURNER Alfons Alfred Fnrczyk, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to Selas Corporation of America, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application November 9, 1951, Serial No. 255,621

2 Claims. Cl. 158-106) The present invention relates to gas burners, and more particularly to a burner in which a plurality of gases are mixed immediately prior to the time they are deiivered to a point where combustion takes place.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a burner in which a plurality of gases to be burned are brought into intimate contact just prior to the point where combustion is to take place.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a burner in which one gas is supplied in a plurality of small streams into a second gas so that a complete mixing of the gases will take place in the burner itself.

According to the invention, means is provided through which a gas is delivered from a point of supply to the outlet of a burner. This gas travels along a path into which a second gas is delivered in a plurality of small streams to form a combustible mixture. The burner of the invention is so designed that while the mixture travels only a short distance before it is burned, there is a complete intermingling of the two gases.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularly in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better. understanding of the invention, however, its advantages and specific objects attained with its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a transverse section of the burner taken on line 11 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken on line 22 of Figure 1;

Figures 3 and 4 are front and side views, respectively, of one of the burner plates;

Figures 5 and 6 are front and side views, respectively, of another of the burner plates;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal view of a different form of burner;

Figure 8 is a transverse view of the burner shown in Figure 7 and taken on line 88 of that Figure; and

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the burner plate used in the burner of Figures 7 and 8.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing, there is shown a casting 1 forming the body of the burner in which is received a ceramic burner screen which will be described in detail below. The body casting has one gas inlet chamber indicated at 3, which is supplied with gas through a fitting 4. This chamber is connected by a plurality of openings 5 with a portion of the body that receives the burner screen. The body is also provided at each side with identical gas inlet chambers 6 that are supplied with gas through inlet fittings 7. Gas passes from the chambers 6 through openings 8 into the portion of the body that receives the burner screen. It is noted that all of the gas supplied through the inlet chambers 6 could be supplied through one chamber if desired. Much better distribution of the gas is obice tained, however, when it is supplied from opposite sides of the burner.

The gases to be mixed and burned are supplied to the burner screen, where they are brought together in intimate contact before they are discharged into a suitable combustion space, not shown. The screen is formed of a plurality of ceramic parts comprising plates 11 and 12 which are placed side by side alternately to form the passages in which the gas is mixed, and from which gas is discharged.

The plates 11 are best shown in Figures 3 and 4. It will be seen, that each plate 11 is substantially rectangular in shape and has one face 13 that is flat, while the opposite face 14 is provided with a plurality vertically extending grooves 15. The upper ends of these grooves open into the combustion space, while the lower ends open into a recessed or channel portion 16. The channel portion 16 is narrowest at the center of the plate and increases in width toward the edges thereof. Each edge of the plate is cut back, as shown at 17, to cooperate with similar portions on the other plates to form a manifold passage in the sides of the screen itself. Each of the plates is also provided with a cutout portion 18, in the bottom thereof, which cooperates with similar portions on the other plates to form a third manifold. Each of the plates 11 is provided with a pair of small openings 1? extending therethrough at the lower portion of each of the grooves 15.

The plates 12 are shown in Figures 5 and 6. These plates are also substantially rectangular, and have the same outside dimensions as plates 11. One face of each plate 12 is flat as shown at 21, and is adapted to be placed against face 14 of plate 11. The opposite face 22 lies against face 13 of plate 11, and is provided at its lower portion with substantially funnel shaped recess 23. This recess leads, at its bottom, into a cutout space 24 that is the same size and relative location as the space 18 of plate 11. Each of the plates is also provided, on the lower sides thereof, with cutout portions 25 that correspond to the cutout portions 17 of the plates 11.

The plates 11 and 12 may be molded and fired separately, and then cemented together or they may be molded and placed together as shown in Figure 2, and then fired as a single unit. The screen also includes, at each end thereof, plates 26 that are the same size and shape as plates 11 and 12. As shown in Figure 2 of the drawing, the right end plate 26 is provided with a recess 27 which is similar in size and shape to the recess 23 formed in the plates 12.

After the plates 11, 12 and 26 have been assembled to form the burner screen, small baffles 28 are inserted in the cutout portions formed in the bottom thereof immediately above the openings 5. Similar baffies 29 are inserted in the cutout portions in the sides thereof immediately in front of the openings 8. The burner screen assembly is then placed in the body 1 in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing. This assembly is held in place in the body by a plate 31 which has an opening of a size to receive the screen. The plate is fastened to a flange 32 on the body 1 by any suitable means, such as bolts 33. Plates 11, 12 and 26 forming the screen are provided with shoulders 34 that are engaged by the plate 31 when the latter is fastened in position in order to hold the screen in place. Suitable cement may be used between the plates forming the screen and the body 1 and plate 31, at the corners thereof, in order to insure a gas tight joint around the edges of the screen and the body.

In burning various gases, such as natural gas for example, it is necessary to combine the gas with a predetermined portion of air in order to obtain a combustible mixture. 'With aburner of the present type, gas can be supplied, for example, through the inlet 4 into the chamber 3, while air is supplied through the inlets 7 into the chambers Gas and air are. supplied at the proper pressures, and in suitable proportion by the 'use of any well known ratio control system. The gas,' for example, flows intochamber 3 and through openings '5 into 'the manifold formed by cutout portions 18 and 24 of the burner plates. The baffles 28, located immediately above'the openings 5, insure that the gas will be equally distributed along the entire burner, rather than be forced directly into some of the passages 23. Air will besupplied from the chambers 6'through the openings 3 on each side of the burner screen into the manifolds'forrned air along the length of the burner.

Air flowing into the manifolds, at eachside of the burner, will'pass t-hroughthe passages formed'by recesses 16 and upwardly through the channels that are formed in each of the burner plates. As the air is passing up these channels, gas will flow from recesses 23 through the orifices 19 into the channels 15 and be thoroughly mixed with the air. It has been found that to inject the small streams of gas through the orifices 19 into the larger 'stream'of air passing up channels 15 will insure intimate mixing of the two as they travel through the channel 15,

so that complete mixture is obtained by the time they are 1 discharged from the upper ends of the channels. The mixture can be ignited as it leaves the channels 15 and will burn with flames that are rooted in the exits of these channels. Because of the fact that the gas is supplied through a multiplicity of small channels, the likelihood of .a backfire is negligible. Furthermore, when the combustion takes place in a large number of small flames, it is much more even and stable than would be the case if the entire volume of the gas mixture was burned from a single orifice.

Another form that the burner may take is shown in Figures 7 to 9. In this form of the invention, the body or casing of the burner includes oppositely disposed manifolds 41 that are held in spaced relation by side pieces 42. These parts are held together, as best shown in Figure 8 of the drawing, by screws 43. One end of the body is closed by a metal plate 44 that has tubular extension 45 formed thereon. The other end of the body is closed by a plate 46 that is provided with a center inlet 47 and a pair of side inlets 48 and 49. The various parts of the body are fastened together by suitable bolts, and the joints are gasketed in order to make a pressure tight connection between them. Each of the manifolds has in it a baffle 51 which serves to even out the distribution of the gas to the burner screens. In this case, there are two opposed screens, one in each manifold. These screens are formed of a plurality of similar ceramic plates 52 that are shown best in Figure 9. of the drawing. Each plate has a flat face 53 on one side, and is provided with a recess 54 on its opposite face. One end of the recess has, projecting into it, a plurality of ribs 55 between whichare formed channels for the gas flow. Each of these plates is provided, near one end, with a pair of shoulders 56.

In assemblying the burners, the manifolds 41, side pieces 42, and one end piece 44 or 46 are fastened together. Ceramic plates 57 are then placed in the side pieces 42. Thereafter, the screen plates 52 are inserted in the manifolds with the flat face 53 of one against the V recessed face of the next, as shown in Figures 7 and 8.

the grooves 53 to hold the plates 52 rigidly in position.

4 r After the ceramic members and plates have been inserted in place, the other end of the body is assembled to the manifolds in order to complete the burner. It is noted that a ceramic tube 60 is placed in the tubular member 45 on the end 44. The member 60 has a central opening formed as a continuation of the substantially rectangular channel 61 between the burner screens.

, In the operation of a burner of this type, one gas, such as air, is supplied at a suitable pressure through the inlet 4? and flows through the relatively narrow channel 61 extending between the screens into and throughthe opening in tubular member 60. Gas is supplied through inlets 48 and 49 to the manifolds. From here, it flows through the channels formed between ribs '55 of the plates 52 in a pluralityof small streams into a relatively small stream of the second gas, so that intimate mixing of these mouth of the channel in the tubular member 60. There is no tendency for the gas to backfire because of the relatively long and cool path through which it flows.

In each of the burners, the correct proportion of air and fuel can be supplied to the respective inlets of the burner body under the proper pressure from any conventional type of ratio controlling mechanism. In each of the burners, there is provided one stream of gas into which another gas is injected through a plurality of small orifices. This produces a homogeneous mixture of the two gases which will burn with an even flame. One em bodiment of the invention shows what is substantially a ribbon type burner in which the mixture is supplied in a number of small streams to the combustion space, while the other embodiment shows a-burner that will produce a larger single flame. The principle behind each embodiment is the same, however, in that one gas is introduced in a plurality of small streams into a larger, but still rela-' tively small, stream of a second gas. These burners have the advantage of being able to use and mix two separate gases that are supplied from separate sources and brought together only immediately prior to the time that they are to be burned. in this way, there is avoided the necessity for having a gas mixing machine and a large pipe filled with an explosive mixture extending from the machine to the burners. Because of the fact that the gases are mixed positively, immediately adjacent to the point at which combustion takes place, the difficulties of obtaining a proper mixture which are inherent with inspira-tor type mixing are overcome.

The above description has been based on the assumption that a fuel gas and air are being mixed prior to ignition. It will be understood, however, that any other gases may be mixed and burn in a similar fashion. For example, the burner can be used to produce a combustible mixture of methane and oxygen if it is so desired,

While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, I have illustrated and described the best forms of embodiment of my invention now known to me it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as set forth in the appended claims, and that in some cases certain features of my invention may be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

What is claimed is:

1. In a burner, the combination of a body, a screen, means to mount said screen in said body, said screen including a plurality of first and a plurality of second flat ceramic plates, alternately. placed against each other in a stack, each of the first plates being formed on one face with a plurality of channels terminating at one end at an edge of the plate and being formed at the other end with a recessed portion common to all of the channels, and being formed with an orifice extending from the bottom of each channel to the opposite face thereof, manifold means in said body to supply a gas to said recessed portion to flow through said channels, the second plates each being provided on the face thereof engaging said opposite face of the first plates with a recessed portion behind said orifices, and means in said body through which a second gas can be supplied to said last mentioned recessed portions to fiow through said orifices and mix in said channels with said first mentioned gas.

2. In a mixing burner for a plurality of gases, the combination of a supporting structure, a plurality of fiat plate members supported in contiguous side by side relation in said structure with one end of each plate extending outwardly therefrom, alternate ones of said plates each being formed With a plurality of grooves on one surface thereof and an opening extending from the base of each groove to an opposite surface, said alternate plates also being formed with a recess communicating with each groove, the other plates each being formed on the surface thereof contacting said opposite surface with a recess communicating with each of said openings, means in said structure forming a manifold communicating with the recesses in each of said first mentioned plates, and means in said structure forming a second manifold communicating with the recesses in each of said last mentioned plates.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,032,071 Le Chatelier July 9, 1912 1,588,792 Dodge June 15, 1926 1,828,779 Marasco Oct. 27, 1931 1,957,587 Hager May 8, 1934 2,357,647 Green Sept. 5, 1944 2,464,255 Mustee Mar. 15, 1949 2,474,313 Hess June 28, 1949 2,494,243 Houlis Jan. 10, 1950 2,497,476 Stadler Feb. 14, 1950 2,561,795 Hess et al July 24, 1951 2,583,736 Hess Jan. 29, 1952 

